Monthly Archives: December 2015

MySQL 5.6 on FreeBSD 10.2

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mysql_enable="YES"
mysql_dbdir="/db/mysql"
# mysql_args="--skip-grant-tables \
--skip-networking" # for resetting the root password

$ ps aux
/usr/local/libexec/mysqld \
--defaults-extra-file=/db/mysql/my.cnf \
--basedir=/usr/local \
--datadir=/db/mysql

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%datadir%';
+---------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value      |
+---------------+------------+
| datadir       | /db/mysql/ |
+---------------+------------+

How to initialize a new MySQL installation and create new database
Reset/recover MySQL root password in freebsd

sftp chroot on FreeBSD

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Filesharing with chrooted SFTP
sftp/scp chroot solution?
How to Set Up an SFTP User on FreeBSD
SFTP chroot jail/access based on wildcard

[...]
Match User jon
        ChrootDirectory    /web/example.com/jon
        X11Forwarding      no
        AllowTcpForwarding no
        ForceCommand       internal-sftp

Dec 19 15:25:15 example.com sshd[78707]: Accepted keyboard-interactive/pam for jon from 10.0.0.5 port 62601 ssh2
Dec 19 15:25:15 example.com sshd[78710]: fatal: bad ownership or modes for chroot directory component "/web/"

$ pw user add jon
$ tail /var/log/auth.log
$ chown root /web
$ chown root /web/example.com
$ chown root /web/example.com/jon

$ ssh jon@example.com
Password for jon@example.com:
Could not chdir to home directory /web/example.com/jon: No such file or directory
This service allows sftp connections only.
Connection to example.com: closed.

Custom Kernel on Fedora 20

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Fedora Wiki

Building a custom kernel
Building an upstream kernel
Kernel/DayToDay
Building Only Kernel Modules

Custom Kernel on Fedora

Custom Kernel for Fedora
‘make prep’ breaks on private branches
Custom Kernel on Fedora 20
Not able to build a fedora kernel

yum install kernel

yum installs kernel-devel different from my kernel version
fedora-20 – VirtualBox – Kernel Sources Missing
how to get kernel source code for — 3.8.6-203.fc18.x86_64

General

How to Compile Linux Kernel from Source to Build Custom Kernel
Guide to building the Linux kernel

fedpkg

fedpkg
Package maintenance guide

$ fedpkg clone -a kernel
$ cd kernel
$ fedpkg switch-branch f23
$ make depend
$ cd kernel-4.2.fc23/linux-4.2.7-300.fc23.x86_64

Apache 2.4 + PHP 5.6 + PHP-FPM on FreeBSD 10.2

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Apache with PHP-FPM, chroots and per-vhost UIDs
Setting up Apache with PHP-FPM

A better way to run PHP-FPM
PHP-FPM Configuration 101 (php-fpm.conf, www.conf)

PHP-FPM not working as PHP handler in Apache
High-performance PHP on apache httpd 2.4.x using mod_proxy_fcgi and php-fpm
Apache 2.4 + PHP-FPM problem
Apache, PHP-FPM, MariaDB and FreeBSD
PHP method #3: PHP-FPM

What is the difference between fastcgi and fpm?
Differences and dis/advanages between: Fast-CGI, CGI, Mod-PHP, SuPHP, PHP-FPM
Showdown: HHVM vs. PHP5-fcgi vs. PHP5-FPM

First try

<VirtualHost www.example.com>
    ServerName      example.com
    ServerAlias     www.example.com
    ServerAdmin     info@example.com
    DocumentRoot    /web/example.com/www

    ErrorLog        /web/example.com/.logs/www-error.log
    CustomLog       /web/example.com/.logs/www-access.log common
    CustomLog       /web/example.com/.logs/www-referer.log referer
    CustomLog       /web/example.com/.logs/www-agent.log agent

    ProxyPassMatch  ^/(.*\.php(/.*)?)$ unix:/tmp/fpm_www_example_com.sock|fcgi://localhost/web/example.com/www
    DirectoryIndex  /index.php index.php
</VirtualHost>

[www_example_com]

user = www_example_com
group = www_example_com

listen = /tmp/fpm_www_example_com.sock

pm = ondemand
pm.max_children = 5
pm.process_idle_timeout = 120s;
pm.max_requests = 500

[Sat Dec 19 22:13:00.127794 2015] [proxy:error] [pid 82692] (13)Permission denied: AH02454: FCGI: attempt to connect to Unix domain socket /tmp/fpm_www_example_com.sock (localhost) failed
[Sat Dec 19 22:13:00.128004 2015] [proxy:error] [pid 82692] AH00959: ap_proxy_connect_backend disabling worker for (localhost) for 60s
[Sat Dec 19 22:13:00.128038 2015] [proxy_fcgi:error] [pid 82692] [client 84.74.50.9:65039] AH01079: failed to make connection to backend: httpd-UDS

[...]

[Sun Dec 20 11:39:18.535056 2015] [core:error] [pid 82705] (13)Permission denied: [client 84.74.50.9:56498] AH00035: access to /index.html denied (filesystem path '/web/example.com/www/index.html') because search permissions are missing on a component of the path


					

		
		
	


	

				

			
						

				UBIFS / nandsim on Fedora 20
			

										

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Memory Technology Devices – UBI

Memory Technology Devices – UBIFS

Memory Technology Devices – NAND


FreeBSD


NAND Flash Framework Introduction, experimental


Own try…


# file /tmp/nandimg_.JeCb7JOv/common.fs
/tmp/nandimg_.JeCb7JOv/common.fs: UBIfs image, sequence number 8, length 4096, CRC 0x151054e7

# mount -t ubifs /tmp/nandimg_.JeCb7JOv/common.fs /mnt/common
mount: unknown filesystem type 'ubifs'



Should work, but…


Where are the sources for mtd/nand/nandsim kernel module?

UBI / UBIFS on NANDSIM simulator

Simulate NAND MTD Device

Extract and rebuild a UBI image (on Ubuntu)


$ mkdir /mnt/ubi
$ modprobe mtdblock
$ modprobe ubi
$ modprobe nandsim \
first_id_byte=0x20 \
second_id_byte=0xaa \
third_id_byte=0x00 \
fourth_id_byte=0x15
$ cat /proc/mtddev
$ ls -l /dev/mtd*
$ dd if=ubi.img of=/dev/mtdblock[COLOR=red]0[/COLOR] bs=2048
$ ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 0
$ ls -l /dev/ubi*
$ mount -t ubifs ubi0_0 /mnt/ubi



$ mkfs.ubifs -m 2048 -e 129024 -c 2047 -r /mnt/ubi ubifs.img
$ nano ubi.ini
[ubifs]mode=ubi
image=ubifs.img
vol_id=0
vol_size=200MiB
vol_type=dynamic
vol_name=rootfs
vol_flags=autoresize
$ ubinize -o ubi.img -p 131072 -m 2048 -s 512 ubi.ini



Compile kernel module


Fedore – Building Only Kernel Modules

How to: Compile Linux kernel modules

“FATAL: Module not found error” using modprobe

Building nandsim for Fedora


$ yum install mtd-utils
$ yum install kernel-devel
$ mkdir -p ~/src/nand
$ cd ~/src/nand
$ fetch <URL>/nandsim.c
$ vi Makefile <= (as in Fedora: Building Only Kernel Modules)
$ make
make -C /lib/modules/3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64/build M=/home/andreas/src/nand modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64'
  CC [M]  /home/andreas/src/nand/nandsim.o
/home/andreas/src/nand/nandsim.c: In function ‘alloc_device’:
/home/andreas/src/nand/nandsim.c:581:25: error: ‘FMODE_CAN_READ’ undeclared (first use in this function)
   if (!(cfile->f_mode & FMODE_CAN_READ)) {
                         ^
/home/andreas/src/nand/nandsim.c:581:25: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
/home/andreas/src/nand/nandsim.c:586:25: error: ‘FMODE_CAN_WRITE’ undeclared (first use in this function)
   if (!(cfile->f_mode & FMODE_CAN_WRITE)) {
                         ^
make[2]: *** [/home/andreas/src/nand/nandsim.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/andreas/src/nand] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64'
make: *** [default] Error 2

$ uname -a
Linux nch-w-andreasb.advaoptical.com 3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64 [...]

$ grep -r FMODE_CAN_READ /usr/src/kernels/3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64/
<empty>

$ grep -r FMODE_CAN_READ /usr/src/kernels/3.19.8-100.fc20.x86_64
/usr/src/kernels/3.19.8-100.fc20.x86_64/include/linux/fs.h:#define FMODE_CAN_READ          ((__force fmode_t)0x20000)

$ rpm -qa kernel
kernel-3.19.8-100.fc20.x86_64
kernel-3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64

$ grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
$ grub2-install /dev/sda

<Reboot>

$ yum remove kernel-3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64
$ yum remove kernel-devel-3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64


					

		
		
	


	

				

			
						

				FreeBSD bash Key Bindings
			

										

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FreeBSD: Customize Home, Del, Insert keys for BASH shell

Creating the /etc/inputrc File

Readline and inputrc

How do I convert inputrc settings to bashrc ones?


The /etc/inputrc file deals with mapping the keyboard for specific situations. This file is the start-up file used by readline, the GNU command line editing library used by Bash, perl and most other open source programs.


# vi /etc/profile
export INPUTRC=/usr/local/etc/inputrc

# vi /usr/local/etc/inputrc
set meta-flag on
set input-meta on
set convert-meta off
set output-meta on
"\e[1~": beginning-of-line
"\e[4~": end-of-line
"\e[5~": beginning-of-history
"\e[6~": end-of-history
"\e[3~": delete-char
"\e[2~": quoted-insert
"\e[5C": forward-word
"\e[5D": backward-word


					

		
		
	


	

				

			
						

				FreeBSD 10.2 Server
			

										

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GeoIP-1.6.4                    Find the country that any IP address or hostname originates from
adns-1.5.0                     Easy to use asynchronous-capable DNS client library and utilities
bash-4.3.33                    The GNU Project's Bourne Again SHell
bind99-9.9.7                   BIND DNS suite with updated DNSSEC and DNS64
ca_root_nss-3.19.1_1           Root certificate bundle from the Mozilla Project
cairo-1.12.18_1,2              Vector graphics library with cross-device output support
cups-client-2.0.3_2            Common UNIX Printing System: Library cups
cups-image-2.0.3_2             Common UNIX Printing System: Library cupsimage
curl-7.42.1                    Non-interactive tool to get files from FTP, GOPHER, HTTP(S) servers
cvsps-2.1_1                    Create patchset information from CVS
db5-5.3.28_2                   The Oracle Berkeley DB, revision 5.3
dejavu-2.35                    Bitstream Vera Fonts clone with a wider range of characters
dialog4ports-0.1.5_2           Console Interface to configure ports
encodings-1.0.4_3,1            X.Org Encoding fonts
expat-2.1.0_2                  XML 1.0 parser written in C
font-bh-ttf-1.0.3_3            X.Org Bigelow & Holmes TTF font
font-misc-ethiopic-1.0.3_3     X.Org miscellaneous Ethiopic font
font-misc-meltho-1.0.3_3       X.Org miscellaneous Meltho font
font-util-1.3.1                Create an index of X font files in a directory
fontconfig-2.11.1,1            XML-based font configuration API for X Windows
freetype2-2.5.5                Free and portable TrueType font rendering engine
gdbm-1.11_2                    GNU database manager
gettext-runtime-0.19.4         GNU gettext runtime libraries and programs
gettext-tools-0.19.4           GNU gettext development and translation tools
ghostscript9-9.06_10           Ghostscript 9.x PostScript interpreter
git-2.4.2                      Distributed source code management tool
glib-2.42.1                    Some useful routines of C programming (current stable version)
gmake-4.1_1                    GNU version of 'make' utility
gmp-5.1.3_2                    Free library for arbitrary precision arithmetic
gnutls-3.3.15                  GNU Transport Layer Security library
graphite2-1.2.4                Rendering capabilities for complex non-Roman writing systems
graphviz-2.38.0_6              Graph Visualization Software from AT&T and Bell Labs
gsfonts-8.11_6                 Standard Fonts for Ghostscript
harfbuzz-0.9.40_1              OpenType text shaping engine
icu-55.1                       International Components for Unicode (from IBM)
idnkit-1.0_5                   Library to handle internationalized domain names
indexinfo-0.2.2                Utility to regenerate the GNU info page index
jbig2dec-0.11_4                Decoder implementation of the JBIG2 image compression format
jbigkit-2.1_1                  Lossless compression for bi-level images such as scanned pages, faxes
jpeg-8_6                       IJG's jpeg compression utilities
kbproto-1.0.6                  KB extension headers
lcms-1.19_5,1                  Light Color Management System -- a color management library
lcms2-2.7                      Accurate, fast, and small-footprint color management engine
libICE-1.0.9_1,1               Inter Client Exchange library for X11
libSM-1.2.2_3,1                Session Management library for X11
libX11-1.6.2_3,1               X11 library
libXScrnSaver-1.2.2_3          The XScrnSaver library
libXau-1.0.8_3                 Authentication Protocol library for X11
libXaw-1.0.12_3,2              X Athena Widgets library
libXdmcp-1.1.2                 X Display Manager Control Protocol library
libXext-1.3.3_1,1              X11 Extension library
libXft-2.3.2_1                 Client-sided font API for X applications
libXmu-1.1.2_3,1               X Miscellaneous Utilities libraries
libXp-1.0.3,1                  X print library
libXpm-3.5.11_3                X Pixmap library
libXrender-0.9.8_3             X Render extension library
libXt-1.1.4_3,1                X Toolkit library
libevent2-2.0.22_1             API for executing callback functions on events or timeouts
libffi-3.2.1                   Foreign Function Interface
libfontenc-1.1.2_3             The fontenc Library
libgcrypt-1.6.3                General purpose crypto library based on code used in GnuPG
libgd-2.1.0_6,1                Graphics library for fast creation of images
libgpg-error-1.19_1            Common error values for all GnuPG components
libiconv-1.14_6                Character set conversion library
libidn-1.29                    Internationalized Domain Names command line tool
libltdl-2.4.6                  System independent dlopen wrapper
libpaper-1.1.24.4              Library providing routines for paper size management
libpthread-stubs-0.3_6         This library provides weak aliases for pthread functions
libsmi-0.4.8_1                 Library to access SMI MIB information
libtasn1-4.5_1                 ASN.1 structure parser library
libxcb-1.11_1                  The X protocol C-language Binding (XCB) library
libxml2-2.9.2_2                XML parser library for GNOME
libxslt-1.1.28_6               The XSLT C library for GNOME
mDNSResponder-567              Bonjour (zero-configuration networking) by Apple
mkfontdir-1.0.7                Create an index of X font files in a directory
mkfontscale-1.1.2              Creates an index of scalable font files for X
nettle-2.7.1                   Low-level cryptographic library
node-0.12.4                    V8 JavaScript for client and server
npm-2.11.1                     Node package manager
openldap-client-2.4.40_1       Open source LDAP client implementation
p11-kit-0.23.1                 Library for loading and enumerating of PKCS#11 modules
p5-Authen-SASL-2.16_1          Perl5 module for SASL authentication
p5-Digest-HMAC-1.03_1          Perl5 interface to HMAC Message-Digest Algorithms
p5-Error-0.17024               Error/exception handling in object-oriented programming style
p5-GSSAPI-0.28_1               Perl extension providing access to the GSSAPIv2 library
p5-IO-Socket-IP-0.37           Drop-in replacement for IO::Socket::INET supporting IPv4 and IPv6
p5-IO-Socket-SSL-2.016         Perl5 interface to SSL sockets
p5-Mozilla-CA-20141217         Perl extension for Mozilla CA cert bundle in PEM format
p5-Net-SMTP-SSL-1.02           SSL support for Net::SMTP
p5-Net-SSLeay-1.69             Perl5 interface to SSL
p5-Socket-2.019                Networking constants and support functions
pango-1.36.8_1                 Open-source framework for the layout and rendering of i18n text
pcre-8.35_2                    Perl Compatible Regular Expressions library
perl5-5.20.2_4                 Practical Extraction and Report Language
pixman-0.32.6_1                Low-level pixel manipulation library
pkg-1.6.2                      Package manager
pkgconf-0.9.7_1                Utility to help to configure compiler and linker flags
png-1.6.17                     Library for manipulating PNG images
postgresql93-client-9.3.9      PostgreSQL database (client)
postgresql93-server-9.3.9      The most advanced open-source database available anywhere
printproto-1.0.5               Print extension headers
py27-Babel-1.3_2               Collection of tools for internationalizing Python applications
py27-MarkupSafe-0.23           Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python
py27-asn1-0.1.7,1              ASN.1 toolkit for Python
py27-asn1-modules-0.0.5_1      Collection of ASN.1 data structures for py-asn1
py27-beaker-1.6.4_1            Session and Caching library with WSGI Middleware
py27-bsddb-2.7.9_5             Standard Python bindings to the Berkeley DB library
py27-chart-1.39_5              Create high quality Encapsulated Postscript, PDF, or PNG charts
py27-dateutil-2.3              Extensions to the standard Python datetime module
py27-gdbm-2.7.9_3              Python bindings to the GNU dbm library
py27-ldap2-2.4.19              LDAP module for python, for OpenLDAP2
py27-libxml2-2.9.2             Python interface for XML parser library for GNOME
py27-libxslt-1.1.28_6          Python interface for XSLT C library for GNOME
py27-lxml-3.4.1_1              Pythonic binding for the libxml2 and libxslt libraries
py27-mako-1.0.0                Super-fast templating language in Python
py27-mx-base-3.2.8             eGenix mx-Extension Series for Python
py27-parsing-2.0.3             General parsing module for Python
py27-pillow-2.6.0_1            Fork of the Python Imaging Library (PIL)
py27-pip-6.1.1                 Tool for installing and managing Python packages
py27-psycopg2-2.5.5            High performance Python adapter for PostgreSQL
py27-pydot-1.0.28              Python interface to the Graphviz Dot language
py27-pytz-2014.10,1            World Timezone Definitions for Python
py27-reportlab2-2.7_1          Library to create PDF documents using the Python language
py27-setuptools27-5.5.1_1      Python packages installer
py27-six-1.8.0                 Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities
py27-sqlite3-2.7.9_6           Standard Python binding to the SQLite3 library
py27-tkinter-2.7.9_5           Python bindings to the Tk widget set
py27-xml-0.8.4_4               Python XML library enhancements
py27-yaml-3.11                 Python YAML parser
python2-2_3                    The "meta-port" for version 2 of the Python interpreter
python27-2.7.9                 Interpreted object-oriented programming language
renderproto-0.11.1             RenderProto protocol headers
rsync-3.1.1_4                  Network file distribution/synchronization utility
screen-4.2.1_5                 Multi-screen window manager
scrnsaverproto-1.2.2           ScrnSaver extension headers
sqlite3-3.8.8.2                SQL database engine in a C library
svgalib-1.4.3_7                Low level console graphics library
tcl86-8.6.4                    Tool Command Language
tiff-4.0.4.b_1                 Tools and library routines for working with TIFF images
tk86-8.6.4                     Graphical toolkit for Tcl
trousers-tddl-0.3.10_7         The open-source TCG Software Stack
tshark-1.12.3_1                Powerful network analyzer/capture tool
urwfonts-1.0_7                 Another font package for X
vim-lite-7.4.884               Improved version of the vi editor (lite package)
wget-1.16.2_1                  Retrieve files from the Net via HTTP(S) and FTP
xcb-util-0.4.0_1,1             Module with libxcb/libX11 extension/replacement libraries
xcb-util-renderutil-0.3.9_1    Convenience functions for the Render extension
xextproto-7.3.0                XExt extension headers
xorg-fonts-truetype-7.7_1      X.Org TrueType fonts
xproto-7.0.27                  X11 protocol headers